How to produce better particle shape of sand and gravel aggregate using a cone crusher

How to produce high-quality particle shape in sand and gravel aggregate production using a cone crusher? Product particle shape is influenced by various factors, with key factors including feed size, crushing chamber design, discharge opening size, crushing equipment performance, and crushing process flow. These factors collectively determine the final particle shape of the product, significantly impacting production efficiency and product quality.

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1. Correct Feeding

Multi-cylinder cone crushers require full-cavity feeding to ensure stable crushing power, prevent feed gradation gaps, and maintain stability in the crushing chamber and discharge opening. Stable, continuous gradation feeding improves crushing efficiency and ensures product quality.

Wide gradation feeds produce better particle shapes than narrow gradation feeds. The portion of the feed smaller than the discharge opening increases the inter-material compression and provides good filling of the crushing chamber. It should not be too fine; it should be slightly smaller than or equal to the discharge opening size, and the proportion should not exceed 20%.

A large discharge opening results in a higher proportion of flaky products. Therefore, a smaller discharge opening is needed to achieve a better product particle shape, and the crushing ratio should be controlled between 3 and 3.5. This requires careful control of the feed particle size, ensuring it does not exceed 50mm. Improper feeding will affect the crusher's capacity and may lead to a series of problems, including adjusting ring runout, shortened liner life, and poor product particle shape.

2. Proper Selection of Crusher and Crushing Chamber

Select a reliable cone crusher and crushing chamber type. Power, crushing force, and discharge opening are the three main factors determining the output and output particle size of a multi-cylinder cone crusher. Increasing power is achieved by increasing the feed rate, not decreasing the discharge opening; the crushing power should be approximately 80% of the rated power.

Adjusting ring runout indicates that the crushing force exceeds the design limit. If the crusher experiences excessive crushing force, the discharge opening can be increased by 1mm-2mm. Adjusting ring runout and power spikes will add extra stress to the crusher, ultimately leading to serious damage.